MNF Legal Board in Zoram mipuite hriat sak tura an thu tarlan hrang hrangte a ngai ngaiin kan han ziak lang e.

1.1 FCAA, 2023 chu Union Parliament in a pass hnuah hman theih turin Gazette of India, dt.04.08.2023 ah tih chhuah a ni. Hemi chungchangah hian Mizoram sorkar (MNF sorkar) chuan he Dan hi ram mipuite himna leh ṭhat tlanna tur a ni lo tih hriain, 21.08.2023 khan Mizoram State Legislative Assembly-ah Official Resolution hmangin a lo hnawl tawh a ni. [That this house unanimously resolves to oppose the Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023 in order to protect the rights and interest of the people of Mizoram.]

1.2 Mizoram State Legislative Assembly in hetianga Official Resolution a ‘pass’ hnu hian Nagaland State Legislative Assembly pawhin 12.09.2023 khan hetiang hian Official Resolution an lo siam bawk – 

“9. Now, therefore, this 14th House of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly hereby resolves that the Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023 will only be applicable to the state subject to the constitutional guarantees provided in Article 371-A of the Constitution of India. 

10. The House further resolves, that the Government of India must assure that provisions contained in Section 1(A)(2) of the Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023 shall not be used to the detriment of the state and its people…“

1.3 ZPM sorkar a lo din hnuah ngaihtuahna dang neiin, FCAA, 2023 dodalna Mizoram State Legislative Assembly-in Official Resolution dt. 21.08.2023-a a lo siam tawh kalh zawngin 27.08.2025 khan Official Resolution dang a lo siam ve leh ta hlauh a. Chutah chuan Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 hi India ram pumpui, J&K State tih lohah chuan hman vek a ni nain India Danpui, Article 371G Clause (a)-a tarlan a nih angin he Dan siamṭhatna (FCAA,2023) hi Mizorama hman a nih theihna tur chuan Mizoram Legislative Assembly in ‘Resolution’ siama hman (adopt) a ṭul thu tarlan a nih hnuah, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 hi kum 1986 hmalam daih Mizoram UT a nih lai aṭanga hman tawh leh hman mek a nih thu tarlan a ni leh a. Forest Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2023 hi hman (adopt) a nih chuan kawng tamtakah hmasawnna (strategic linear project concerning National security and security related infrastructure projects) rang zawk neih beiseiin Forest Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2023 chu Mizoram Legislative Assembly chuan Mizorama hman turin a lo pawm ta a ni. 

2.1 Hetianga ZPM sorkarin Official Resolution siama FCAA, 2023 a lo pawm tak chu MNF Party General Hqrs. chuan nasa taka dodalin, he Official Resolution hi ṭhiah leh a nih ngei theih nan Assembly Speaker hnenah ngenna dt.03.09.2025 khan kan lo thehlut tawh a. Assembly Speaker chuan a ṭul anga ngaihtuah zui a nih theih nan House Leader pawh a lo sawipui tur thu a sawi nain tun thlengin chutiang zawnga hmalakna engmah hmuh leh hriat a ni ta lo a ni. Hetih lai hian Jt. Civil Society (Central YMA, MHIP, MPCC, MNF, PC, Mizoram Transformation Movement, Centre for Environment and Social Justice, Mizoram First, CATAJ, ZORO, Mizoram Environment NGO 12-te) ten nasa taka ZPM hmalakna chu sawiselin dt.11.09.2025 khan kawng hial zawhin FCAA, 2023 pawmna Official Resolution chu sut leh turin an lo ngen tawh a. Hemi hnuah pawh hian Central Young Lai Association (CYLA) te pawhin FCAA, 2023 hian nasa taka ram mipuite pawi a khawih theih dawn avanga an dodal thu a lo puang tawh bawk a ni. 

2.2 Zoram mipuite leh ram leh hnam tana pawi khawihna namen lo thlen thei FCAA, 2023 chu anih ang anga hman a nih theih nana ZPM sorkarin Official Resolution dt. 19.08.2025 a lo siam, ram mipui pungkhawm leh Party hrang hrang te pawhin hnuk let leh tura an ngenna chu bengkhawn lova ṭan an la khawh luih tlat avangin MNF Party Gen. Hqrs. Executive Committee Meeting dt. 07.10.2025-a neihah chuan Mizoram Pum-huap Total Bandh chu 29.10.2025 ah hreh tak chungin huaihawt a lo rel ta a ni. 

3.1 FCAA, 2023 hi enge a nih a, he Dan hi hman a nih chuan Zoram mipuite tan thil ṭhalo engte nge a rawn thlen theih ang tih chungchang tawi fel deuhin han tarlang ila:

1) FCAA, 2023 hi Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 siamṭhatna (amendment) a ni.

2) Section 1A (2) ah chuan ‘Forest’ in a huam tawh loh turte a rawn tarlang diat diat a, chungte chu:

 1A(2)(a) ah Rel kawng leh motor kawngpui sir tuak-a 0.10hectare (10763.9 sq.ft.) zel, tih a awm phawt a.  

1A(2)(c)(i) ah ramdang nena inrina, (international border) aṭanga 100km huam chinah, ram venhimna lam kaihhnawiha hmalakna, entirnan, Rel kawng, motor kawngpui, pipeline, communication line (strategic linear project of national importance and concerning national security).

 1A(2)(c)(ii) ah ram venhimna kaihhnawih thil engpawh din / bunna / hman tur 10hectare thlenga zau (100000 sq.m). (Hectare 1 chu ṭin 2.7 ang vel, hectare 10 chu ṭin 24.7, ṭin 25 hmun deuh thaw) 

 1A(2)(c)(iii) Central sorkarin ṭul a tihna apianga paramilitary forces ho awmna tur emaw, vantlang hman tur project engpawh siamna atan tihte a ni. 

3.2 Mizoram hi Myanmar leh Bangladesh karcheha awm kan ni a, ramri aṭanga 100km bial hian kan ram dung leh vang hi a khuh vek a ni. Hemi piah lamah kawngpui leh rel kawng sir tuaka ‘forest’ anga chhiar tawh loh turte nen phei chuan kan ram pumpui hi‘non-forest area’ anga ngaih theih a lo ni vek tawh dawn a ni. Hetih ruala kan hriattur chu India ram State hrang hrang zingah ‘Forest Covered Area’ nei ṭha ber za zela chhiara pahnihna (percentage wise) kan ni a. India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023 in a tarlan dan chuan ‘Forest Covered Area of Mizoram’ chu 85.34% a ni. Hetih ruala kan hriat tel ngei ngei tur chu India ram State hrang hrang zinga ‘Forest Covered Area’ za zela chhuta tih chereu nasat berna (highest fall) State kan ni. Engvanga ramngaw ti chereu nge kan nih tih chu sawi tam ngai lovin kan hre ṭheuh awm e. Hetiang dinhmuna kan din mek laia FCAA, 2023 hmanga kan ramngaw te min rawn ṭhiah sak buaih buaih-na tur kawng Central sorkar-in a rawn duan chhuah tak hi Zoram mipuite tun dinhmun atan leh ṭhangthar lo la awm zel turte tan a pawi theih zia pawh ngaihtuah chiang phal lova, Central sorkar aṭanga sum hmuh in beiseina avanga ‘Dan sakei’ tia amah Pu Lalduhoma ngeiin Opposition MLA a nih laia a lo au chhuahpui tawh chu Chief Minister a nih hnuah Dan ṭha tak anga a han chhuah leh ta mai hi a mak kan tiin pawi kan ti takzet a, State khat hotupa ber mahni thusawi leh dinna mumal pawh neiloa Zoram mipuite min hnuk kual  mai mai hi a vanduaithlak takzet a ni. 

3.3 Mizoram State Legislative Assembly-ah Official Resolution sawiho tura putluh a nih hma hian mi ṭhahnemngai tam tak ten India ram rorelna sang ber (Supreme Court of India) ah Writ Petition(C) No. 1164 / 2023 thehlutin FCAA, 2023 hi ram mipuite tan a him loh thu an lo au chhuahpui tawh a. Chutah chuan Supreme Court in a hmaa TN Godavarman vs Union of India -a Order a lo siam tawh chu engmah khawih danglam loh tur a ni tiin Interim Order chu dt. 04.03.2025 khan a lo siam nghe nghe a ni. Heti chunga Mizoram State Legislative Assembly-ah ZPM sorkar in Opposition MLA te hnenah pawh mumal taka hriattirna pe lova FCAA, 2023 hmanna tura ‘Official Resolution’ dt. 19.08.2025 ‘pass’ a nih theihnan-a hma a han la ta chûk chûk mai kha Mizoram Legislative history-a thil thleng mak tak a ni. 

3.4 He FCAA, 2023 hi Central sorkarin kan State huamchhungah awlsam taka ṭul a tih anga hma a lak theihnan-a ruahmanna a ni tih chu kan hrethiam vek awm e. Mizoram leh Nagaland State te chuan vanneihthlak takin he Dan hi kan State chhungah hman a nihlohna tura do theihna India Danpui Article 371G leh 371A te kan nei ve ve a. Nagaland State Legislative Assembly ten an ram tana ṭha tur ngaihtuah ran chunga Official Resolution an lo siam ang leh MNF sorkar laia Mizoram State Legislative Assembly pawhin Official Resolution dt.21.08.2023-a siam tawh anga kalpui mai hi Zoram mipuite tan a him ber laiin, Official Resolution dt.19.08.2025 hmangin sum duh luatah ZPM sorkar hian he Dan ṭha lo tak hi hman tura pawmin, Central sorkar lakah mipuite min lo uiresan ta a ni kan tilo thei lo. 

3.5 Central sorkar-in he Dan siamṭhatna, FCAA, 2023 hmang hian Forest Clearance buaipui ngai tawh lovin, ram venhimna kâwra hmangin kan ram khawilaiah pawh a duh ang angin a rawn che tawh mai dawn a ni. Hei bakah hian Central sorkar chuan FCAA, 2023 hmang hian leilung leh leihnuai hausakna, ‘rare earth’ kan tih ang chi hote tiamin, chutiang hai chhuahna lam-ah hma a lak duhnaah te ‘forest clearance’ ngai lovin hma a la thei dawn ta bawk a. Aug 21, 2025-a Times of India Chanchinbuah chuan, “Leilung hausakna (rare earth) haichhuak turin Mizoram leh Assam-ah te beihpui thlak chhoh mek a ni a, hmarchhak bialah Dan hrang tam tak a awm avangin, State sorkarte nen indawr tawna beihpui thlak tum a ni” tih thu - Union Coal and Mines Minister G Kishan Reddy-a’n a sawi chu tarlan a ni. Rare earth zawn beihpui thlakna chak zawka kalpuina tur Office Memorandum chu Sept 8, 2025 khan MoEF&CC chuan a ti chhuak nghal bawk. Hei bakah hian FCAA, 2023 chuan Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 ah chuan Section 3C dahluh belhin he Dan kenkawh leh kalpuina kawngah Central sorkar chuan ṭha leh ṭul a tih angin, State sorkar te leh eng pawl pawh thu a pe in, a khuahkhirh thei ang tih tarlan a ni. (“3C. The Central Government may, from time to time, issue such directions, to any authority under the Central Government, State Government or Union territory Administration, or to any organisation, entity or body recognized by the Central Government, State Government or Union territory Administration, as may be necessary for the implementation of this Act.”)  

  Chuvangin he FCAA, 2023 hi kan pawm a nih chuan hemi chungchanga State sorkar thuneihna hi Central sorkar kutah kan hlan vek tihna a ni a. Rules leh Guidelines lo chhuakah te pawh thuneihna tâwp chu Central sorkar kutah liau liau dah a ni zel a, hetiang dinhmun hi Mizo mipuite tan pawm theih chi a ni lo.

3.6 FCAA, 2023 hi India Danpui Article 371G(a)(iv)- a ‘Ownership and transfer of land’ nena sawikawp chi a ni lo ti zawnga ṭan lo la te pawh an awm ngei e. Amaherawhchu, ‘Forest’ (ramngaw) hi leilunga in phun nghet tlat (permanently fastened to the earth) a nih avangin ramngaw hi a ṭona leh innghahna leilung nen sawi hran theih a ni lo. Kan ramngaw min ṭhiahsak duai duaina tur Dan, Central sorkarin a siam hi India Danpui Article 371G hmang chauh lo chuan dan theihna tur hmanraw dang kan nei lova, lo in-kuangkuahsan chi a ni hek lo. Ramri aṭanga 100km bialah Forest Clearance lak a ngaih tawh dawn loh avangin, ram venhimna, ‘National Importance’ leh ‘National Security’ tih chang chawiin, an duhna hmun apiang, ramngaw emaw, ramngaw lo pawh awlsam tein min chhuhsak thei tawh dawn a ni. Kan ram hi ramri (International Boundary) aṭanga 100km huam chhungah a awm vek avangin, kan ram rohlu neih chhun tichhia in a ti zim dawn a, Pathianin chenna tur ram min pek chhun hi kan chân zel dawn a. Chu tak chu he FCAA,2023 hi Mizoram ah kan hman ve lohna chhan tur chu a ni. 

4.1 India Danpui Article 371G hi kan hnam pasalṭhaten nunna leh thisen tam tak senga an rawn nawr chhuah a ni a, Political party bil ta a ni lova, Zoram mipuite ta a ni. FCAA, 2023 laka kan ram chhan nan hei lo hi hmanraw dang kan nei lo a. A neitu Mizo mipuite hian a hlut zia hriaa, a hman theihna tur reng rengah chuan kan hman hram hram a ngai a ni. Tun dinhmuna Zoram himna tura pawimawh em em India Danpui Article 371G hmang duh lo ZPM sorkar hi mipuite min phatsantu an ni kan ti lo thei lo. 

4.2 Chief Minister ngeiin kan rama kawngpui 7 (pasarih) te chu ‘National Importance’-a puantir anih tur thu leh a dangte pawh Defence kuta hlan zel an tum thu a sawi a. Hmanni lawkah mipuite hrilh hmasa lo leh mipui aiawh tlawmngai pawlte pawh rawn miah lovin Lengpui Airport chu Indian Air Force (IAF) kuta hlan turin thutlukna an lo siamfel titih hman der tawh a, Airport Forum te hial lo dingin an dang thei rih hram hram a. Hemi hnu hian Chief Minister chuan kawng dang lo dap lehin Lengpui Airport runway aṭanga thlang lam ram zau tak IAF te kutah hralh tura ‘Draft Memorandum of Understanding’ an siam leh tawh thu leh hemi atan hian mimal ram ₹248 cr. zet-a leisaka IAF hnena hralh leh tur a nih thu a tarlang bawk. Heng bakah hian tuna kan rama kawngpui zawng zawng chu National Importance-a puantir-a Defence kutah bawk hlan tura ruahman a nih thu tarlan a ni a, hetiang taka kan ram Chief Minister-in IAF te kuta ram hralh a buaipui ta mai hian mimal taka hlawkna tel tur a nei em ni tih zawhna a ti tam hle. Heng zawng zawng hi awlsam taka kalpui a nih theih nan ZPM sorkar hian FCAA, 2023 hi kan rama hman ve thuai thuai an lo duh chhan a ni ta mai em ni? 

4.3 Ram leh hnam himna aiin, sum hmuh theihna tur chu ZPM sorkar hnuaiah a pawimawh zawk a, FCAA, 2023 hmang hian Central sorkar chuan kan ram chhungah ṭul atihna lai apiangah bu a rawn khuar a nga, min rawn nawr a nga, an duhlai ram khawilai pawh min rawn chhuh zung zung tawh mai dawn a ni. ZPM sorkar hnuaia Zoram dinhmun diktak chu, kan chak lo zawk si a, kan ram neih chhun hi kan humhim zo lo mai a nga, tih lam pawh a ni lo, keimahni zawkin kan lo bawh huam huam a, sum hailuh theihna remchangah ngaiin, Central sorkar chu kan lo pak huam zawk a ni. Central sorkar lakah ai mahin kan State-a ZPM sorkar hnuaiah hian kan ram hi a him lo takzet ta a ni. Mipui thlim zawng leh a ruk a râl ang zela rorelna kalpui hi ‘Mipui sorkar’ zia a ni lo va, ZPM ‘Kalphung Thar Sorkar’ zia chu a lo ni zawk e. 

FCAA 2023 in Mizoram tana nghawng ṭha lo a neihte leh ṭhangtharte tana pawi nasa tak a thlen theih turte ngaihtuah hian ZPM sorkarin FCAA 2023 a lo pawm tawh suttir leh tura nawrna, Mizoram Pum-huap Total Bandh October 29, 2025 (Nilaini)-a MNF Gen. Hqrs. in a ruahman hi an thlawp vek turin Zoram mipuite kan sawm e, tiin an tarlang.